Land cover change is a significant driver of soil erosion. While soil erosion is a natural process, human activities can significantly alter the landscape, making soil more vulnerable to erosion. This erosion reduces a watershed's capacity to sustain vital natural resources and ecosystem services. This study investigated the impact of these changes on soil erosion within four hydrological units (Awach Kibuon, Awach Owade, Awach Kasipul, and Awach Kabondo) of the Awach Kibuon sub-basin between 2018 and 2023. The specific objective of the study was to quantify the effect of land cover change on soil erosion rate and determine how specific land cover types affect soil erosion in the study area. This study employed a quasi-longitudinal design to assess the influence of land cover changes on soil erosion. Sentinel-2 NDVI satellite imagery provided land cover data. The land cover maps, soil data, rainfall data and the Digital Elevation Model were used in the Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation Model within a GIS environment to estimate soil erosion rates. The study revealed a consistent decline in vegetation cover across all hydrological units, as indicated by a decrease in NDVI. The mean NDVI decreased by 12.88%, 10.92%, 4.78%, and 11.92% in Awach Kibuon, Awach Owade, Awach Kasipul and Awach Kabondo respectively. Conversely, the mean soil erosion rate increased by 23.9% in Awach Kibuon, 17.85% in Awach Owade, 24.43% in Awach Kasipul, and 20.54% in Awach Kabondo. Sediment yield increased by 33% in Awach Kibuon, 18% in Awach Owade, 17% in Awach Kasipul, and 23% in Awach Kabondo. These findings suggest a direct relationship between reduced vegetation and elevated soil erosion. The relationship between land cover and erosion varies depending on the density of vegetation. Areas with dense vegetation cover have an inverse relationship, highlighting the protective role of vegetation cover. However, the study also observed that very dense vegetation areas which were also found in high-sloped areas experienced high soil erosion rates. The erosion rate increases even in areas that have experienced an increase in vegetation cover. This is because these areas are also found in high-sloped areas. The slope factor superseded the ability of vegetation cover to protect against soil loss. In conclusion, the change in land cover has significantly increased soil erosion in the Awach Kibuon Sub-basin, however, the slope factor also accelerated soil loss in the basin. Therefore, a holistic approach that combines promoting vegetation cover with land management techniques like terracing and drainage channels is crucial for mitigating soil degradation and water sedimentation in sub-basin.
| Published in | International Journal of Natural Resource Ecology and Management (Volume 9, Issue 3) |
| DOI | 10.11648/j.ijnrem.20240903.12 |
| Page(s) | 82-96 |
| Creative Commons |
This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited. |
| Copyright |
Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group |
Rusle Model, Land Cover, Soil Erosion Rate, Sediment Yield, Awach Kibuon Sub-Basin
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APA Style
Hellens, O., Masika, D., Long’ora, A. (2024). The Effect of Land Cover Change on Soil Erosion in Awach Kibuon Sub-basin, Kenya. International Journal of Natural Resource Ecology and Management, 9(3), 82-96. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijnrem.20240903.12
ACS Style
Hellens, O.; Masika, D.; Long’ora, A. The Effect of Land Cover Change on Soil Erosion in Awach Kibuon Sub-basin, Kenya. Int. J. Nat. Resour. Ecol. Manag. 2024, 9(3), 82-96. doi: 10.11648/j.ijnrem.20240903.12
AMA Style
Hellens O, Masika D, Long’ora A. The Effect of Land Cover Change on Soil Erosion in Awach Kibuon Sub-basin, Kenya. Int J Nat Resour Ecol Manag. 2024;9(3):82-96. doi: 10.11648/j.ijnrem.20240903.12
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Download@article{10.11648/j.ijnrem.20240903.12,
author = {Olgah Hellens and Dennis Masika and Albert Long’ora},
title = {The Effect of Land Cover Change on Soil Erosion in Awach Kibuon Sub-basin, Kenya
},
journal = {International Journal of Natural Resource Ecology and Management},
volume = {9},
number = {3},
pages = {82-96},
doi = {10.11648/j.ijnrem.20240903.12},
url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijnrem.20240903.12},
eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijnrem.20240903.12},
abstract = {Land cover change is a significant driver of soil erosion. While soil erosion is a natural process, human activities can significantly alter the landscape, making soil more vulnerable to erosion. This erosion reduces a watershed's capacity to sustain vital natural resources and ecosystem services. This study investigated the impact of these changes on soil erosion within four hydrological units (Awach Kibuon, Awach Owade, Awach Kasipul, and Awach Kabondo) of the Awach Kibuon sub-basin between 2018 and 2023. The specific objective of the study was to quantify the effect of land cover change on soil erosion rate and determine how specific land cover types affect soil erosion in the study area. This study employed a quasi-longitudinal design to assess the influence of land cover changes on soil erosion. Sentinel-2 NDVI satellite imagery provided land cover data. The land cover maps, soil data, rainfall data and the Digital Elevation Model were used in the Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation Model within a GIS environment to estimate soil erosion rates. The study revealed a consistent decline in vegetation cover across all hydrological units, as indicated by a decrease in NDVI. The mean NDVI decreased by 12.88%, 10.92%, 4.78%, and 11.92% in Awach Kibuon, Awach Owade, Awach Kasipul and Awach Kabondo respectively. Conversely, the mean soil erosion rate increased by 23.9% in Awach Kibuon, 17.85% in Awach Owade, 24.43% in Awach Kasipul, and 20.54% in Awach Kabondo. Sediment yield increased by 33% in Awach Kibuon, 18% in Awach Owade, 17% in Awach Kasipul, and 23% in Awach Kabondo. These findings suggest a direct relationship between reduced vegetation and elevated soil erosion. The relationship between land cover and erosion varies depending on the density of vegetation. Areas with dense vegetation cover have an inverse relationship, highlighting the protective role of vegetation cover. However, the study also observed that very dense vegetation areas which were also found in high-sloped areas experienced high soil erosion rates. The erosion rate increases even in areas that have experienced an increase in vegetation cover. This is because these areas are also found in high-sloped areas. The slope factor superseded the ability of vegetation cover to protect against soil loss. In conclusion, the change in land cover has significantly increased soil erosion in the Awach Kibuon Sub-basin, however, the slope factor also accelerated soil loss in the basin. Therefore, a holistic approach that combines promoting vegetation cover with land management techniques like terracing and drainage channels is crucial for mitigating soil degradation and water sedimentation in sub-basin.
},
year = {2024}
}
TY - JOUR T1 - The Effect of Land Cover Change on Soil Erosion in Awach Kibuon Sub-basin, Kenya AU - Olgah Hellens AU - Dennis Masika AU - Albert Long’ora Y1 - 2024/08/15 PY - 2024 N1 - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijnrem.20240903.12 DO - 10.11648/j.ijnrem.20240903.12 T2 - International Journal of Natural Resource Ecology and Management JF - International Journal of Natural Resource Ecology and Management JO - International Journal of Natural Resource Ecology and Management SP - 82 EP - 96 PB - Science Publishing Group SN - 2575-3061 UR - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijnrem.20240903.12 AB - Land cover change is a significant driver of soil erosion. While soil erosion is a natural process, human activities can significantly alter the landscape, making soil more vulnerable to erosion. This erosion reduces a watershed's capacity to sustain vital natural resources and ecosystem services. This study investigated the impact of these changes on soil erosion within four hydrological units (Awach Kibuon, Awach Owade, Awach Kasipul, and Awach Kabondo) of the Awach Kibuon sub-basin between 2018 and 2023. The specific objective of the study was to quantify the effect of land cover change on soil erosion rate and determine how specific land cover types affect soil erosion in the study area. This study employed a quasi-longitudinal design to assess the influence of land cover changes on soil erosion. Sentinel-2 NDVI satellite imagery provided land cover data. The land cover maps, soil data, rainfall data and the Digital Elevation Model were used in the Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation Model within a GIS environment to estimate soil erosion rates. The study revealed a consistent decline in vegetation cover across all hydrological units, as indicated by a decrease in NDVI. The mean NDVI decreased by 12.88%, 10.92%, 4.78%, and 11.92% in Awach Kibuon, Awach Owade, Awach Kasipul and Awach Kabondo respectively. Conversely, the mean soil erosion rate increased by 23.9% in Awach Kibuon, 17.85% in Awach Owade, 24.43% in Awach Kasipul, and 20.54% in Awach Kabondo. Sediment yield increased by 33% in Awach Kibuon, 18% in Awach Owade, 17% in Awach Kasipul, and 23% in Awach Kabondo. These findings suggest a direct relationship between reduced vegetation and elevated soil erosion. The relationship between land cover and erosion varies depending on the density of vegetation. Areas with dense vegetation cover have an inverse relationship, highlighting the protective role of vegetation cover. However, the study also observed that very dense vegetation areas which were also found in high-sloped areas experienced high soil erosion rates. The erosion rate increases even in areas that have experienced an increase in vegetation cover. This is because these areas are also found in high-sloped areas. The slope factor superseded the ability of vegetation cover to protect against soil loss. In conclusion, the change in land cover has significantly increased soil erosion in the Awach Kibuon Sub-basin, however, the slope factor also accelerated soil loss in the basin. Therefore, a holistic approach that combines promoting vegetation cover with land management techniques like terracing and drainage channels is crucial for mitigating soil degradation and water sedimentation in sub-basin. VL - 9 IS - 3 ER -
Department of Environmental Sciences, Maseno University, Kisumu, Kenya
Department of Environmental Sciences, Maseno University, Kisumu, Kenya
Department of Environmental Sciences, Maseno University, Kisumu, Kenya
