Research Article
Women’s Agricultural Empowerment as a Catalyst for Sustainable Land Use Management Among Small-scale Farmers in Njoro, Kenya
Hafsa Ahmed Mohamed,
Elizabeth Mumbi Ndunda,
Mark Ndunda Mutinda*
Issue:
Volume 11, Issue 4, December 2026
Pages:
143-156
Received:
5 September 2026
Accepted:
15 September 2026
Published:
14 October 2026
Abstract: This study examined the extent of women’s empowerment in agriculture as a catalyst for sustainable land use management practices among small-scale farmers in Njoro Sub-County, Nakuru County, Kenya. Specifically, the study sought to: (i) assess the level of women’s empowerment using the Women Empowerment in Agriculture Index (WEAI); (ii) determine the extent to which women farmers have adopted sustainable land use management practices (SLUMP); and (iii) evaluate the influence of women’s empowerment on the uptake of these practices. An ex-post facto research design was employed. A multi-stage sampling approach was used to identify three locations, from which a stratified random sample of 243 women farmers was drawn from a sampling frame of 659 households. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire and analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Findings indicated that women’s empowerment in agriculture was generally low (M = .439, SD = .196) on a 0–1 scale. Adoption of sustainable land use management practices was moderate (M = 11.16, SD = 5.98) on a scale ranging from 0 to 20, with significant variation across Njoro, Kihingo, and Nessuit locations (p < .001). Regression analysis revealed that women’s empowerment had a significant positive contribution to sustainable land use management practices (β = .144, t = 2.25, p < .001). The results demonstrate that the WEAI is an effective tool for assessing the empowerment of women farmers and for understanding its role in promoting sustainable land use decisions.
Abstract: This study examined the extent of women’s empowerment in agriculture as a catalyst for sustainable land use management practices among small-scale farmers in Njoro Sub-County, Nakuru County, Kenya. Specifically, the study sought to: (i) assess the level of women’s empowerment using the Women Empowerment in Agriculture Index (WEAI); (ii) determine t...
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Research Article
A Checklist of Birds of Nimule National Park, South Sudan
Malik Doka Morjan*,
Gift Simon Demaya,
Baya Philip Brown,
Shazali Abdallah Gordon,
Isaac Seme Solomon
Issue:
Volume 11, Issue 4, December 2026
Pages:
157-166
Received:
19 October 2026
Accepted:
31 October 2026
Published:
13 November 2026
DOI:
10.11648/j.ijnrem.20261104.12
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Abstract: This study was based on bird surveys of Nimule National Park (NNP), South Sudan. The surveys were conducted from May to August 2009, January to April 2010, and May 2010, and in subsequent years during January and February of 2024 and 2025, as well as in August 2026, covering both the wet and dry seasons. Attempts were made to sample all three (3) habitat types of NNP, which include riverine, grassland, and woodland savannah. The rationale of the study was to establish a checklist of birds for NNP and its surrounding environments. The line transect method using random sample points was adapted for recording all birds cited or heard during the surveys. We recorded 172 bird species during the study, of which 9 species are Afro-Palearctic song birds and 12 species of Palearctic waterbirds that breed in Europe/Asia and winter in Africa. At least 4 species are endangered and 1 species is critically endangered. A total of 81 species are likely new records that did not appear in previous studies. Based on our observations together with the previous two unpublished bird checklists, a cumulative total of 228 distinct bird species have so far been documented within the park territory and its immediate buffer zone. It is therefore believed that the recent increase in the number of birds encountered in the study area could be due to either migration or seasonal changes, during which the surveys were conducted. The findings from the bird surveys in Nimule National Park highlight a diverse avian community comprising 173 species, including significant numbers of Afro-Palearctic songbirds and Palearctic waterbirds. The identification of 81 likely new records underscores the ecological importance and dynamic nature of the park’s habitats. When combined with previous unpublished checklists, the cumulative total of 228 recorded species reflects both seasonal variations and migratory influxes. These results emphasize the need for continued monitoring to better understand temporal patterns and support conservation efforts within NNP and its surrounding environments.
Abstract: This study was based on bird surveys of Nimule National Park (NNP), South Sudan. The surveys were conducted from May to August 2009, January to April 2010, and May 2010, and in subsequent years during January and February of 2024 and 2025, as well as in August 2026, covering both the wet and dry seasons. Attempts were made to sample all three (3) h...
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